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Diagnosis: Sistemic Cytomegalovirus Infection
Congenital cytomegalovirus infection is one of the most common intrauterine infections in pregnancy. The prevalence is higher in poor countries and in people with low socioeconomic status. CMV can lead to congenital infections through transplacental transmission. Primary infection affects 0.7–4.1% of seronegative pregnant women and vertical transmission occurs in 20–40% of these cases. Although the fetus can be affected by CMV throughout the whole pregnancy, the damage is more severe in infections occurring during the first half of the pregnancy. Controversial data exist concerning intrauterine fetal death caused by CMV infection. The rate of intrauterine fetal death is not known and the causes of this phenomenon are largely unknown (Kost BP, et al. Congenital cytomegalovirus infection in pregnancy: a case report of fetal death in a CMV-infected woman. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2007;276(3):265-8. [PubMed link])
In the present case, inclusions were detected in all the organs. The images of renal involvement by the cytopatic effects are dramatic. A primary infection, asymptomatic, was detected in the mother.
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References
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Williams EJ, Embleton ND, Clark JE, Bythell M, Ward Platt MP, Berrington JE. Viral infections: contributions to late fetal death, stillbirth, and infant death. J Pediatr. 2013;163(2):424-8. [PubMed link]
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Kost BP, Mylonas I, Kästner R, Rack B, Gingelmaier A, Friese K. Congenital cytomegalovirus infection in pregnancy: a case report of fetal death in a CMV-infected woman. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2007;276(3):265-8. [PubMed link]
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Maruyama Y, Sameshima H, Kamitomo M, Ibara S, Kaneko M, Ikenoue T, Minematsu T, Eizuru Y. Fetal manifestations and poor outcomes of congenital cytomegalovirus infections: possible candidates for intrauterine antiviral treatments. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2007;33(5):619-23. [PubMed link]